细胞片技术在肌腱再生组织工程学中的应用进展

Progress of cell sheet in tendon tissue engineering

全世界范围内每年有超过3000万例的肌腱或者韧带损伤,一旦肌腱受到损伤,人的运动能力甚至日常生活都会受到严重影响[1]。然而,肌腱的恢复并不是一个再生的过程,而是一个纤维化瘢痕形成的过程,这导致了它的功能障碍甚至丧失[2]。肌腱损伤传统的治疗方法包括自体移植物、同种异体移植物、异种移植物以及人工移植物。然而,这些方法都很难达到让人满意的效果[3]。自体移植物取腱处的功能影响、

Tendon injuries are common diseases which could induce substantial pain and loss of functions. Current clinical therapy of tendon injury has some disadvantages, such like the limitation of the graft which have fueled the search for tissue-engineered substitutes. Many achievements have been made during past several years. Many kinds of cells nowadays have been used in an attempt to enhance the healing of tendons： fibroblast cell lines, mesenchymal stem cells（ MSCs）, embryonic stem cells（ ESCs） and induced pluripotent stem cells（ i PSCs）. And a large number of scaffold materials also have been explored for tendon tissue engineering including natural substances（ silk, collagen） and synthetic biodegradable materials（ poly lactic-co-glycolic acid）. Beside gene-related approaches, the approach of tendon tissue engineering also involve some physical methods like mechanical stimulation. However, the traditional tissue engineering with scaffolds has some disadvantages. Naturally derived polymers generally show good biocompatibility but low ductility whereas the synthetic polymers exhibit a high tunability but may cause negative immune response from the body, and the scaffolds can＇t fully simulate the environment between cells. To avoid this, cell sheet engineering has been developed as a unique, scaffold-free method of cell processing. In this review, some methods for making cell sheet and its application in tendon tissue engineering are described.