锂盐的作用机制及临床应用研究进展

Research Progress of Lithium Salt on Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications

锂是人体内的一种微量元素且以化合物的形式广泛存在于自然界。作为一种古老的治疗精神疾病方面的药物,锂盐被用来治疗双相情感障碍已超过60年,而现在锂盐在临床上表现出来的新应用已经越来越引起医学界的广泛重视。现代研究表明,锂盐是一种强大的糖原合成酶激酶-3(GSK-3β)抑制剂,锂盐除对脑细胞过度活动起抑制作用外,还具有营养神经和保护神经、抗炎、抗氧化、抗癌、免疫调节以及对甲状腺功能亢进的治疗作用。锂盐化学结构相对简单,而且目前人们对锂盐的使用经验及对锂离子的血药浓度监测手段已日趋成熟,所以锂盐具有相当好的临床应用前景,未来更进一步加大对锂盐的临床应用及作用机制的研究力度。现就锂盐新发现的作用机制及临床应用作一综述。

Lithium is a trace element in the human body and by means of compounds widely exists in nature. As an old drug for the treatment of mental disorders, lithium salt has been used as a therapeutic agent for bipolar disorder more than 60 years, but now, lithium has caused increasingly wide attention in the medical world for its new clinical applications. Modern researches indicate that lithium salt is one king of powerful glycogen synthase kinase-3（GSK-3β） inhibitor, lithium salt doesn＇t only inhibit excessive brain activity, but also has neurotrophic and neuroprotective activity, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, anticancer activity, immune regulation and treatment of hyperthyroidism. The chemical structure of lithium salt is relatively simple, and people＇s using experience and blood drug concentration monitoring method have becoming more matured, so lithium＇s clinical application prospects are pretty good, we should increase the study of clinical application and mechanism of action of lithium. The relevant research progress on pathogenesis and clinical applications is to be reviewed.