2004—2013年青岛市职业性慢性苯中毒发病特点分析

Analysis on epidemic characteristics of occupational chronic benzene poisoning in Qingdao City from 2004-2013

目的分析2004—2013年青岛市诊断的51例职业性慢性苯中毒发病特点,为今后青岛市职业性慢性苯中毒防治工作提供理论依据。方法根据青岛市2004—2013年职业病诊断办公室职业中毒的诊断档案资料,对10 a职业性慢性苯中毒发病情况进行汇总分析。结果 2004—2013年青岛市诊断职业性慢性苯中毒51例,男18例(35.29%),女33例(64.71%);其中轻、中、重度苯中毒分别为15(29.41%)、6(11.76%)和30例(58.82%)。青岛市慢性苯中毒发病呈波浪式趋势,其中2004及2006年病例数较多,分别占病例总数的21.57%和15.69%;2005及2009年病例数较少,分别占病例总数的1.96%和3.92%。结论职业性慢性重度苯中毒是今后青岛市职业性慢性苯中毒防控的重点,根据该市职业性慢性苯中毒发病特点,应有针对性地制定苯中毒防治计划,加强劳动者职业安全与健康教育,有效控制苯中毒发生。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemic characteristics of 51 cases of occupational chronic benzene poisoning in Qingdao City from 2004-2013,provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of occupational chronic benzene poisoning in Qingdao City.[Methods]According to the data of occupational poisoning cases extracted from occupational disease diagnosis office in Qingdao City from 2004-2013, the epidemic characteristics of occupational chronic benzene poisoning were analyzed.[Results]A total of 51 cases of occupational chronic benzene poisoning were diagnosed in Qingdao City from 2004-2013,including 18 male cases（35.29%）and 33 female cases（64.71%）. There were 15（29.41%）mild cases,6（11.76%）moderate cases and 30（58.82%）severe cases.The epidemic situation of occupational chronic benzene poisoning showed a wave trend. The cases concentrated in 2004 and 2006,which respectively accounted for 21.57% and 15.69% of total cases,while there were few cases occurred in 2005 and 2009,which respectively accounted for 1.96% and 3.92% of total cases. [Conclusion]The severe benzene poisoning is the key point of prevention and control of occupational chronic benzene poisoning in Qingdao City.According to the epidemic characteristics of occupational chronic benzene poisoning,it is necessary to develop a targeted plan of benzene poisoning prevention and control,and strengthen the occupational safety and health education among laborers,to effectively control the benzene poisoning.