口腔颌面部间隙感染老年患者的护理

Nursing Care for aged patients with space infections of oromaxillo-facial region

目的探讨口腔颌面部间隙感染老年患者的临床治疗及护理特点,提高治愈率,预防和减少并发症的发生。方法通过对口腔科62例口腔颌面部间隙感染老年患者的发病原因、治疗经过及护理特点进行回顾研究,并对诊疗及护理经验进行总结。包括及时的脓肿切开引流、抗感染和全身支持治疗,以及对患者进行呼吸道、切口和口腔的护理,同时也包括对患者的病情观察,饮食指导和心理护理。结果 62例老年患者,入院后根据患者的具体情况,控制基础性疾病,给予适量的敏感抗菌药物,配合局部脓肿切开引流,减少毒素的吸收,保持呼吸道通畅,全身支持疗法,维持水电解质平衡,增强机体抵抗力等治疗,同时加强饮食护理,并辅以心理疏导及健康教育,62例患者均痊愈出院,治愈率达100%。结论口腔颌面部间隙感染多发生在老年人群,老年患者免疫力和抵抗力下降,基础性疾病多,掌握这一人群疾病的临床特点,对颌面部间隙感染的治疗起着重要的作用。有效地抗感染治疗和必要的切开引流,针对个体制定护理计划和护理措施,配合全方位的临床护理,及时发现临床问题,有效减少并发症,是口腔颌面部间隙感染治疗的关键。值得一提的是,提高老年人的牙病保健意识,尽早及正规治疗患病牙对预防颌面部间隙感染具有重要意义。

Objective To study theoral cavity jaw face space infection in elderly patients, to improve the cure rate, prevent and reduce complications. Methods Based on incidence reason, treatment process and nursing characteristics of 62 cases of elderly patients, the experiences of treatment and the nursing characteristics were summarized, whichincludednot only timely surgical incision and drainage of abscess , anti-infective therapy and supportive management, and the nursing of respiratory tract, incision, and oral for the elderly patients, but also illness observation, diet guide and psychological nursing. Results According to the patient＇ s specific situation after admission, control their underlying chronic illness, and then give them the right amount of sensitive antimicrobial agents and surgical incision and drainage of abscess to reduce the absorption of toxin. At the same time, unobstructed airway should be kept. Supportive management and diet nursing for the elderly patients also should be stressed to boost immunity. Timely psychological couuseling and heath education are also critical. As a resuh,62 patients were cured and discharged,the cure rate was averaged to 100%. Conclusion Patients with oral cavity jaw face space infection is common in eldly population. The eldly always have some certain underlying medical conditions which decrease their resistance and immunity. Masteringthe characteristics of these crowd diseases will play an importance role in treating oral cavity jaw face space infection. The significant treatment methodincludes effective anti-infective treatment and timely surgical incision and drainage of abscess. Making individual nursing plan and nursing measures is also indispensable. The combination of clinical treatment and monolithic clinical nurse is critical to elderly patients with oral cavity jaw face space infection. It can effectively reduce the complications and increase the cure rate of elderly patients. It＇ s worth mentioning that to improve the self-health care consciousness and treat the offending teeth promptly willhave important significance for keeping elderly away from oral cavity jaw face space infection.