基于认知的数字化核电站人机接口设计

The Human-System Interface Design Based on Cognitive in Digital Nuclear Power Plant

计算机技术的广泛应用和自动化程度的提高改变了操纵员监视和控制电厂系统及设备的行为方式。在数字化仪控系统中,人机接口(HSI)的设计思路和方法也应随之转变。人机接口是操纵员与仪控系统进行交互的主要媒介。本文提出一种基于认知过程的分析和设计人机接口系统的方法。为了实现"以人为中心"的人机接口设计,根据人的行为过程和Rasmussen三级行为模型开发了适用于核电站操纵员的认知行为模型。按NUREG 0711中对于运行概念的要求,定义了操纵员与人机接口系统的信息交互方式,通过人机接口资源与操纵员认知模型的映射关系,设计符合操纵员认知决策需求的人机接口系统。最后,给出了各项人机接口资源的设计关键点,帮助识别设计过程中的需要特别关注的关键问题。

The widely used computer technology and the increased degree of automation have changed the approach for the operators to monitoring and controlling the plant systems and components. With the development of the science and technology and the higher demand on the human factors engineering （HFE）, the concept and methods of designing the Human-System Interface （HSI） of the digital instrumentation and control （I＆C） systems should be improved. The Human-System Interface in the main control room is the major media where the operators can interact with the I＆C systems. This paper addresses an approach based on cognitive process to analyze and design Human- System Interface （HSI） system. To achieve a ＂human-centered＂ design, an operator decision-making model according to human activity process and Rasmussen＇s three-levelmodel is developed. This paper designs information interaction between the operators and the HSI according to the concept of operation of NUREG 0711, and designs a HSI system satisfying the operator cognitive model through the HSI resources mapping. Finally, the key points to design HSI are provided, which will be assistant in identifying the key problems necessary to be focused on in the design process.