山东省农村留守老人生活质量及抑郁状况调查

The quality of life and depression status of the left-behind elderly among rural areas in Shandong Province

目的了解山东省农村留守老人生活质量和抑郁心理状况。方法采用分层整群抽样方法抽取山东省3个地区的205例农村老年人,其中留守老人117例,非留守老人88例;使用简明健康测量量表（medical outcomes study 36-item short-form health survey,SF-36）和老年抑郁量表（geriatric depression scale,GDS）测量老年人的生活质量和抑郁状况;采用t检验和2检验比较农村留守老人与非留守老人的差异。结果 117例留守老人与88例非留守老人的人口学特征均衡可比;留守老人生活质量总分为（62.9±15.0）分,其8个维度得分在40.3-75.0之间,总分及各维度得分均低于非留守老人（（77.1±16.2）和（53.5-85.9））,差异均有统计学意义（均有P〈0.05）;留守老人的轻度抑郁和中重度抑郁的比例分别为33.3%和13.7%,均高于非留守老人（20.5%/8.0%）。结论农村留守老人的生活质量有待提高,存在较严重的抑郁心理问题。

Objective To understand the quality of life and depression status among the rural left-behind elderly in Shandong Province. Methods A total of 205 rural elderly people sampled from 3 cities of Shandong Province were investigated using stratified cluster sampling method,including 117 left-behind elderly and 88 non left-behind elderly. The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey（ SF-36） and Geriatric Depression Scale（ GDS） were used to measure the participants＇ quality of life and depression status; t test and X2test were conducted to analyze the differences between two populations. Results There were no significant differences of demographic characteristics between these two groups of the elderly. Compared with 88 rural non left-behind elderly,117 rural left-behind elderly had lower score of quality of life（ 62. 9 ± 15. 0）,and the difference was also showed in the 8 dimensionalities of quality of life. The proportion of rural left-behind elderly with mild depression was 33. 3%,and the proportion of those with moderate and severe depression was 13. 7%,which was significantly higher than those of rural non left-behind elderly. Conclusions The rural left-behind elderly have serious psychological problem of depression and their quality of life should be improved.