水包油型微乳液的制备及性能研究

Study on preparation and properties of O/W-microemulsion

以十四烷基二甲基磺丙基甜菜碱（CAB-35）和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚（TX-4）为表面活性剂（S）、正戊醇为助表面活性剂（As）和石蜡为油相,制备了水包油（O/W）型微乳液。研究结果表明：随着增水量的增加,微乳液发生Winsor I→Winsor Ⅲ→WinsorⅡ相转变;当Na＋取代Ca2＋时,微乳液的增溶性呈先降后升态势;35℃时微乳液的CMC（临界胶束浓度）为1.38 g/L,CMC对应的表面张力为26.54 m N/m;当表面活性剂浓度超过0.50%（相对于微乳液质量而言）时,油-水界面张力达10-3m N/m,并且界面张力随Na2CO3增加呈先降后升再降态势;微乳液在盐度为0.05%~0.90%时具有一定的抗盐性,温度、p H对其稳定性影响较大。

With CAB- 35 （tetradecyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine） and TX- 4 （nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether） as surfactant （S） , n-amyl alcohol as cosurfactant （As）, and paraffin as oil phase, an oil in water （O/W）- microemulsion was prepared. The research results showed that the microemulsion undergo phase transition of Winsor I→Winsor III→Winsor II with increasing solubilizing water. The solubilization of microemulsion had the trend of fall-rise when Ca2＋ was replaced by Na＋. The CMC （critical micelle concentration） of microemulsion at 35℃ was 1.38 g/L, which corresponding surface tension was 26.54 mN/m. The oil-water interracial tension, which was 10-3 mN/m, had the trend of fall-rise-fall with increasing Na2CO3 contents when the concentration of surfactant was more than 0.50% in microemulsion mass. The microemulsion had a certain degree of salt resistance at 0.05%- 0.90% salinity, but the influences of temperatures and pH values on stability of microemulsion were larger.