氧化石墨烯在质子交换膜中的应用研究进展

Recent progress in graphene oxide applied for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

氧化石墨烯(graphene oxide,GO)和磺酸化氧化石墨烯(sulfonated graphene oxide,SGO)是石墨烯的衍生材料,具有两亲性能、超高的比表面积、良好的电子绝缘性和柔韧性,使其作为掺杂材料在燃料电池、电膜分离过程、扩散渗析、电化学分析和传感等领域具有广泛的应用前景.本文主要综述了GO和SGO在质子交换膜(PEM)中的应用.质子交换膜是燃料电池的重要组成部分,在燃料电池中主要起传导质子和防止燃料渗透的作用.当前商用化的燃料电池电解质膜主要存在质子导电性低、燃料渗透率高、稳定性差等问题.GO和SGO的掺入可以提高膜的质子导电性和稳定性、降低膜的燃料渗透率,因此对提高膜的性能以及燃料电池的性能具有十分重要的作用.本文主要概括了近几年来GO及SGO在质子交换膜中的应用研究进展,并系统地介绍了GO及SGO对Nafion及新型的非氟类聚合物质子交换膜材料性能的影响.

Graphene oxide（GO）and sulfonated graphene oxide（SGO）are the derivatives of graphene with amphiphilic properties.They are reported to have high specific surface area,good electrical insulation and high flexibility,which make them highly attractive as the doping material of polymer membranes for various applications in fuel cells,electro-membrane separation,diffusion dialysis,electrochemical analysis and sensing,etc.This paper mainly reviews the uses of GO and SGO in proton exchange membranes（PEM）,which is an indispensable component,playing a bi-functional role of conducting proton and preventing fuel permeation from the anode to the cathode in PEM fuel cell（PEMFCs）.Currently,the commercialized membranes used in PEMFCs suffer from several severe problems of low proton conductivity,high fuel permeability and poor stability.The doping of GO or SGO can greatly improve proton conductivity and stability of the membranes,but decrease their fuel permeability,which are therefor of great potential to improve the properties of PEMs and thereby the performance of the corresponding PEMFCs.The present work mainly summarizes recent progress on the applications of GO and SGO in PEMs.The effects of GO and SGO on the properties of Nafion（a commercialized PEM）and some newly developed non-fluorinated PEM are systematically discussed.