明朝川甘毗邻地区的建设与发展研究

The Development of the Adjoining Area of Sichuan and Gansu Province in the Ming Dynasty

川、甘毗邻地区自古是游牧民族竞相争逐、流徙无定的区域。蒙元时期,该区域与藏区的联系紧密。明初,蒙古势力虽然北遁,但是纵观整个明王朝的北边局势,蒙古各部始终是明王朝的巨大威胁。对川、甘毗邻地区的经营,是明王朝北边防御体系的重要辅助,它对于明朝中央政府能否有效隔断蒙藏之间的联系有着重要影响。伴随着一系列基础设施的建设,川、甘毗邻地区的发展逐渐扩展到社会生活的各个层面。交通的建设为该区域与汉、藏双方在物质层面上的交流提供了便利;学校的发展则使得该区域在精神层面上联通了中原地区,区域内各民族对明朝中央政府以及对中原地区的认同不断加深。明朝中后期,尽管蒙古势力重新控制西北地区,但是,川、甘毗邻地区与中原地区已经建立起了异常频繁的联系,明王朝在该区域的建设取得了很大成效。

The adjoining area of Sichuan and Gansu province was a place where nomads had inhabited and fought for possession of it for thousands of years. The area closely associated with Tibet. In the Early Ming dynas- ty, although Mongolian retreated to north desert area, it was still a great threat tO the central authority. Under these circumstances, the governance strategy over the area had a deep influence on the relationship between the central authority and Tibet. Thus, the central government of the Ming built schools in this area to helped people there get better acquaintance about central China, and improved the traffic condition there to contribute to the communication between central China and Tibet. With the development of this area, central China and Tibet had established a close connection with each other. The central authority obtained success from the governance strate- gy over this area.