中国公共教育支出效率的研究及改进——基于DEA模型的实证分析

The Research and Improvement of the Efficiency of Public Education Expenditure in China

公共教育是一项特殊的公共产品,具有正向的社会效益和个人效益。以DEA模型为基础对2001年和2013年两个代表性年份各省份的公共教育支出效率进行评估,研究发现:我国公共教育支出效率整体水平较高,东部地区的公共教育支出效率明显高于中西部地区,但是二者的差距在逐渐缩小。建议缩小地区内教育支出效率差距、均衡东中西部发展,明确政府职能、提高公共服务供给水平,完善中央政府与地方政府间的财政转移支付,建立公共教育支出绩效评价制度。

Public education is a special public good, which has the positive social benefit and individual benefit. Based on the DEA（ Data Envelopment Analysis） model, the paper evaluates the efficiency of public education ex-penditure in the provinces of the two representative years in 2001 and 2013 .Research finds that the overall level of the efficiency of public education is higher, the efficiency of public education in the eastern region is higher than that of the Midwest, but the gap between the two is gradually narrowing.It suggests that the country should narrow the area efficiency of education expenditure gap and balance the eastern, central and western development, clear government functions, improve the level of public service supply, improve fiscal transfer payment between central government and local government, establish performance evaluation system of public education expenditure.