棉织物耐酸性实验研究

Experimental Study on Acid Resistance of Cotton Fabrics

为了解染整加工和后处理过程中酸性介质对棉织物的损伤情况,对棉织物耐酸敏感性及其变化规律进行研究。通过单因子实验对棉织物经不同酸性介质处理后的强度损失率、剩余强度变化率和强度损失变化率进行探讨。结果显示:棉织物的耐酸性受酸浓度、处理温度和处理时间的影响在不同状态敏感性存在拐点;酸浓度的影响最大,硫酸浓度35g/L是一个拐点,当小于35g/L时,剩余强度变化相对较小,反之则较大;温度的影响次之,45℃是一个拐点,当温度低于45℃时,剩余强度变化相对较小,反之则较大,且在温度较高时会加剧织物的酸损伤;处理时间的影响相对较小,50min是一个拐点,当处理时间小于50min时,剩余强度变化相对较大,反之变化变缓。

To understand the damage status of cotton fabrics caused by acid medium in the process of dyeing and finishing and postprocessing, this paper studies acid resisting sensitivity of cotton fabrics and its change law and discusses strength loss rate, residual strengthen change rate and strength loss change rate of cotton fabrics after they are processed with different acid media through single factor experiment. The result shows that the influence of acid concentration, processing temperature and processing time on acid resistance of cotton fabrics has inflection point in the sensitivity under different states~ acid concentration has the greatest influence; sulfuric acid concentration 35 g/L is an inflection point. When the temperature is lower than 45℃, residual strength has relatively smaller changes; higher temperature will intensify acid damage of fabrics. Processing time has relatively smaller influence and 50 rain is an inflection point. When processing time is less than 50 min, residual strength has relatively greater changes.