欧洲慈善监管模式及对我国的启示

The Regulation Modes of Charities in Europe and Their Significance for China

在我国慈善事业广受质疑的背景下,完善监管制度具有必要性和紧迫性。欧洲各国有着悠久的慈善历史,并在各自的发展过程中形成了独具特色的监管模式。通过重点考察以英、德法及瑞典为代表的欧洲国家的三种慈善监管模式,归纳总结欧洲慈善事业所具有的依法监管、类别化监管、宽进严管、行业自治、第三方评估及受益人与公权力的监管等慈善监管经验,以期为完善我国慈善监管制度提供参考借鉴。

It is necessary and urgent to improve the mechanism of supervision over charity organizations in China due to the widespread distrust in China's charities. European countries have a long history of philanthropy, and have established their respective regulatory modes. The paper discusses the three major regulatory modes of charities in Britain, Germany and France, and Sweden. It maintains that European countries have much experience to offer, including, 'regulation according to the law, multiple regulation, harsh punishment tempered with leniency, and classified regulation'. This experience can be of much value for China in its effort to improve its charity regulation mode.