论应收账款质权的权利边界——以应收账款质权与法定抵销权的冲突为视角

On the Boundaries of the Pledge Right of Accounts Receivable:From the Perspective of the Pledge Right of Accounts Receivable Conflict with the Third Party's Right of Statutory Setoff

应收账款质押的实质是以一种请求权担保另一种请求权的担保方式。应收账款质权的实现依赖于债务人的履行行为,以出质人的债务人清偿债务为前提。在应收账款质权实现的具体场合,质权人享有的仅是债的请求权,而非物的支配权,这是由应收账款质权的权利标的——应收账款——这一债权的性质所根本决定的。在我国目前现有的法律框架体系下,应收账款质权并不具有超越出质人的债务人所享有的法定及约定权利的效力,其权利边界仍应恪守物权法定和债的相对性的基本原则。

The essence of the pledge right of accounts receivable is to use a right of claim guarantee for another right of claim. The realization of the pledge right of accounts receivable relies on the debtor to carry out obligations and the premise of the pledgor＇s debtor pay off debt. Under the particular situation of the accounts receivable pledge right realization,the pledgee only possesses the debt claims,rather than the Real Right; it is decided by the nature of creditor＇s rights of the accounts receivable,which is the target of the pledge right of accounts receivable. Under the existing legal framework of the system in our country at present,the pledgee is not beyond the debtor of pledgor＇s legal and contract rights,and the pledge right of accounts receivable should still adhere to the basic principles of Numerus clausus and the debt relativity regulation.