活力与濒危:安多藏语文使用及态度研究——以青海省黄南藏族自治州古什当村为个案

Energetic or Endangered: Case Study on Tibetan Use and Attitude in Gushidang Village

采用问卷调查、辅以访谈的方式,调查藏语安多方言区的一个藏汉双语社区(古什当村)的语言活力、语言使用和语言态度。结果显示,社区中藏语充满活力,但汉语的社会功能有待增强。社区内所有被调查对象均掌握藏语,且藏语是社区成员最重要的语言;仅48.5%的被调查对象兼通汉语,为藏汉双语人。被调查对象的语言使用与其语言态度正相关,绝大多数被调查对象对藏语文态度较积极,认为其很有用,希望其有很大发展,并希望后代接受藏语教育。被调查对象对藏语具有很强的民族情感。他们承认藏语文在当地活力旺盛,但仍旧担心"政府制定的语言文字政策执行不到位"会影响当地的藏语文发展。

In order to study language vitality,language use and language attitude in a Tibetan-Chinese bilingual community（ Gushidang village） in Amdo dialect region,the research methods questionnaire and interview are used to select data. The research finds that the Tibetan language is full of energy while Chinese language lacks vitality in the area. All subjects in the research community master Tibetan and Tibetan language is the main language in Gushidang village. Only 48. 5% subjects master Chinese,and they are Tibetan-Chinese Bilingual. In addition,almost all subjects hold a positive attitude towards Tibetan language. They expect that it will flourish in the future and their children can master Tibetan language. It also finds that it is because of ethnic emotion,the subjects acquire Tibetan and they worry about that the halfway language policy implementation will influence the flourish of Tibetan language in the future.