电帆日心悬浮轨道稳定控制

Stability Design for Electric Sail on Solar Displaced Orbits

电帆作为一种无需消耗推进剂即可长期产生连续推力的新颖推进方式,能够实现一些使用传统推进技术很难实现的任务,如悬浮轨道。在简要介绍和分析悬浮轨道特性及形成条件基础上,发现该轨道是一种临界稳定状态,轻微的初值扰动或外界干扰即会导致轨道破坏。而电帆利用太阳风获取推力来源的工作机理决定其受强烈的环境干扰,实际中无法实现稳定的悬浮轨道。提出一种只改变推力大小而不改变推力方向的轨道保持策略,基于最优状态调节器(LQR)的方法实现该控制策略,仿真结果表明该轨道保持策略能较好地维持悬浮轨道运行,且对初值扰动及环境干扰具有较强的鲁棒性。

Electric sail is an innovative propulsion which can produce continuous thrust in space without consuming propellant,is capable of fulfilling some missions that would be otherwise unfeasible through conventional propulsion system,like displaced orbits. Under the describing and analyzing of the displaced orbits,it is found that this kind of orbit is critical stable,even trivial initial error or environmental interference may result destroying the orbits. The intrinsic unstable characteristic makes the displaced orbits unfeasible in reality. In this paper,an orbital maintenance strategy concerning the mechanism of electric sail is presented,which only adjust the magnitude of the thrust without changing the direction of the thrust. The simulation results show that the orbital maintenance strategy is effective and can maintain the displaced orbits well,also the strategy is robust to the different initial error and environmental interference.