锂硫电池隔膜材料的研究进展

Research Progress of Separator Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

锂硫电池因其具有较高的理论容量和能量密度、原料丰富、环保性好、成本低等优点,被认为是目前最具发展潜力的新型高性能电池之一.锂硫电池主要由正极材料、电解液、隔膜以及负极材料构成.隔膜作为锂硫电池的重要组成部分之一,其性能优劣对电池整体性能有着重要的影响,高品质隔膜材料开发已是锂硫电池重要研究方向之一.本文全面综述了聚烯烃、聚环氧乙烷、聚偏氟乙烯、共混聚合物等微孔隔膜和纳米纤维多孔膜在锂硫电池隔膜材料中的最新研究进展,并对未来高性能锂硫电池隔膜材料的开发进行了展望.

Lithium-Sulfur( Li-S) batteries are considered to be one of the most promising new types of high performance batteries because of their high theoretical capacity and energy density,which have the advantages of rich raw materials,good environmental protection and low cost. Li-S batteries are mainly composed of the cathode material,anode material,electrolyte and separator. And separator is one of the important parts of Li-S batteries,whose performance has great effect on the overall performance of batteries. In this paper,the developments of high quality separator materials of Li-S batteries are reviewed,including polyolefin,polyethylene oxide( PEO),polyvinylidene fluoride( PVDF),various blending polymer and nanofiber separators,and the development trends of separator materials for Li-S batteries are also prospected. Research results showed that the properties of Li-S batteries,including charge discharge capacity,cycle performance,ionic conductivity and coulomb efficiency could be improved and promoted by the preparation and modification of the separators. The separators prepared by electrospinning method were studied primarily as the Li-S battery separators because of the excellent pore structure. We believe that the nanofiber porous membranes will become a hotspot in the application and research of separator materials for lithium sulfur batteries because of their excellent pore structure and gelation characteristics.