大型地铁换乘车站站厅火灾的排烟模式

Smoke exhaust mode for large metro transfer station hall

以某大型地铁换乘车站为研究对象,根据站厅公共区的防烟分区和通风系统设置情况,对开启全部防烟分区和只开启火源所在防烟分区2种站厅火灾排烟模式进行了研究.选用计算流体力学软件FDS,将火源设置在站厅中部区域,建立地铁车站三维模型,采用大涡模拟方法对站厅层的机械排烟效果进行模拟.通过对站厅内烟气蔓延、能见度和补风风速的分析结果表明:开启站厅全部防烟分区进行排烟可以更有效地控制烟气蔓延范围和沉降高度,增加出口的补风风速,实现更好的防排烟效果.

Based on the smoke zone partition and the ventilation system configuration of a large metro transfer station hal!, two types of fire smoke exhaust mode are studied, which are the modes with and without operating all the smoke exhaust system. Using the computational fluid dynamics software FDS, a 3D model of the metro station is built with a fire located in the middle of the station hall. Large Eddy Simulation model was used to assess the effect of the mechanical smoke exhausting of the fire floor with the a- bove two exhaust modes. The analysis of the smoke spread, visibility and entrance velocity in the fire floor shows that opening all the smoke exhaust system in the station hall controlling the smoke spreading and descending better and increasing the entrance velocity, which is a more effective smoke control mode.