“市场换技术”有效吗?——中国汽车产业全要素生产率再估计

Does the Policy of Exchange Market for Technology Effective:Re- estimating Total Factor Productivity of Chinese Automobile Industry

基于1998—2007年中国汽车企业非平衡面板数据,运用半参数方法估计了微观层面的企业全要素生产率(TFP)。结果显示:中国汽车企业全要素生产率稳步提高,说明"市场换技术"的战略取得了一定的效果,但国有控股企业效率明显低于非国有控股企业。在TFP的影响因素方面,企业增加新产品开发、扩大市场规模、深化市场化改革、开展对外出口都显著地有助于提升企业的TFP;而垄断的市场结构都对企业TFP造成了负向的影响。分析还表明,不同的企业特性如企业规模、所有制和所在地区对TFP的影响也有较大差别。

Using semi -parametric method and firm -lever data from 1998 to 2007, this paper estimates the Total Factor Productivity （TFP） of Chinese automobile enterprises. The results shows： TFP of Chinese automobile enterprises increased steadily, indicating the policy of exchange market for technology is effective. The efficiency of non - state - owned enterpri- ses is significantly higher than state - owned ones. The results also shows ： new products, scale of market, market reform, and exports are positive to TFP. But the monopoly market structure has a negative impact. Different characteristics such as size, ownership and location of enterprises have different impact on TFP. Therefore, tailored - industry policy should be considered.