基于科学的技术发明如何形成——以汤斯的激光专利为例

The Formation of Technological Invention Based on Science—A Case of the Laser Patent of Townes

在宏观层面上存在着科学革命和技术革命相继发生的历史图景,这体现出科学革命强大的推动作用。在微观层面,存在着科学向技术转化、科学发现和科学理论催生技术发明的现实案例。无论是转化过程本身,还是转化过程中动力因素、主体因素、社会因素的作用机理,都对我们今天进行科技创新工作有重要的启示意义。在描述上述转化过程和剖析其影响因素的基础上,站在技术科学的高度上,对我国科技创新工作的开展提出有价值的研究结论和对策建议。

At the macro level, there exists the historical picture that scientific revolution and technological revolution happened in succession, which reflects the significant role of scientific revolution in promoting technology. At the micro level, there exist real cases in which science transfers into technology, as well as scientific discovery and scientific theory bring about technological invention. Whether the conversion process itself or the functional mechanism of those factors in the process, which include dynamic factors, subject factors and social factors, both of them have important enlightenment on the scientific and technological innovation at the present. On the basis of the description of the transformation process and the analysis of the influence factors, it then proposes valuable research conclusions and suggestions, standing on the height of technical science.