生产视角下的中国水足迹空间差异研究——基于经济区域分析层次

Spatial difference of water footprint in China in the production perspective based on the analytical hierarchy of economic regions

基于经济区域分析层次,运用多区域投入产出分析及有关差异分解方法,探寻生产视角下水足迹(生产水足迹)地区间差异及其成因,讨论有必要调整生产的地区及调整内容。研究结果显示:1中国生产水足迹总体空间差异主要源于经济区域间差异(贡献率69.46%);2中国西北、中部和东北区域生产水足迹高于其他经济区域;各经济区域生产水足迹均主要源于农林牧渔业;农林牧渔业生产水足迹经济区域间差异是中国生产水足迹经济区域间差异的最重要成因(贡献率59.19%),其关键因子为该部门最终需求量(贡献率74.57%);生产水足迹相关指标区域间比较中,京津区域水资源压力、西北区域生产水足迹强度、东北区域工业生产水足迹废弃率高于其他区域对应值;3各经济区域内省区间生产水足迹在总量、部门结构、差异成因上有异同,在生产水足迹相关指标上水平各异;4东北区域、上海等"很有必要"调整生产,而"有必要"调整的有京津区域、吉林等;具体调整应结合水足迹地区间差异及其成因分析结果进行。在生产视角下水足迹研究中引入经济区域分析层次、构建生产水足迹强度和工业生产水足迹废弃率指标,具有一定创新价值。

There is significant divergence between water consumption in northern and southern China,and a comparison of regional water use and mining of reference values between mining areas are required. Based on the analytical hierarchy of economic regions,Multi-regional Inputoutput Analysis,and difference decomposition methods,the spatial disparities of water footprints from the perspective of production（domestic water footprint）,and key difference factors are analyzed. We found that domestic water footprint differences among economic regions primarily yield to overall spatial variation with a contribution of 69.46%. The domestic water footprint in Northwest,Central and Northeast regions is larger than that in any other economic regions in China. The inter-economic regional domestic water footprint disparity in agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery accounts for 59.19% of the domestic water footprint difference among economic regions,and its key factor is the final demand of this sector,contributing up to74.57%. The water pressure index in Jingjin region,the domestic water footprint intensity in the Northwest region,and the waste rate of industrial domestic water footprint in the Northeast region are higher than in any other region. In each economic region there are always similarities and variation in the total amount,sector structure and divergence factor among provinces,and some differences in related indicators. There is a need for production adjustment in the Northeast region and Shanghai,and some necessity in the Beijing-Tianjin Area and Jilin. These areas should adjust major industrial production pointedly based on the water footprint regional differences and cause analysis conducted here.