长链非编码RNA在免疫炎症反应中的研究进展

The research progress on long non-coding RNA in immune inflammatory reaction

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)作为基因组中调节基因研究的新领域,可以参与细胞生物活动的各个环节,包括染色质重塑、mRNA可变性剪接、mRNA降解和蛋白质的翻译,具有非常复杂的生物学功能。如今,已发现多种lncRNA在肿瘤、心血管疾病及神经退行性疾病等方面发挥重要作用,但是lncRNA在免疫系统中的研究还很有限。最近的研究发现lncRNA可以通过与蛋白复合物或转录因子相互作用调节免疫细胞的分化,并且参与免疫炎症反应中炎症因子的表达,控制炎症反应。目前,在一些免疫疾病中也发现有lncRNA的表达差异,但具体的作用机制还有待进一步研究。因此,文章就最近几年lncRNA在免疫细胞分化及免疫炎症调控领域的研究作一简述。

As a new field of regulatory genes in genome research,long non-coding RNA（ lncRNA） plays an important role in each stage of cell biological activity,including mediating chromatin remodeling,mRNA alternative splicing,mRNA degradation and protein translation,with complex biological functions. Up to now,a variety of lncRNA have been found in cancers,cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases,however,the research of lncRNA in immune system is still limited. Recent studies have found that lncRNA can interact with protein compounds or transcription factors,then regulate the differentiation of immune cells,and regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines in order to control the inflammatory response. At present,in some immune diseases,several lncRNA expresses with differences,but the exact mechanisms remain to be seen. Therefore,this review mainly outlines the significant functions of lncRNA in the regulation of immune cell differentiation and immune inflammatory regulation in brief.