从《新生》到《坟》:重审鲁迅的1907

Re-examination of Lu Xun in 1907 from New Life to Grave

对鲁迅而言,1907年前后具有重要意义。鲁迅因"匿名信事件"与"幻灯片事件"而最终下定决心弃医从文,创办《新生》杂志就是其文学活动的起点,但筹备《新生》而终于失败的经历将其日本体验推向了纵深。随后他被机缘推向了《河南》杂志,在那里发表了六篇论文。这些可视为《新生》的议论部分的文字,与可视为《新生》的文艺部分的文字——《域外小说集》的诸篇章,共同构建了他文学活动第一期的宏富内蕴。但很显然,在《河南》上发表论文与出版《域外小说集》并未让鲁迅对1907年前后的深度体验释怀,因为,事隔近20年后,鲁迅首先是因为《河南》上发表的这些文章而编辑出了自己的杂文集《坟》,而且他对六篇文章的择取、排序与改动等等行为中,都隐藏着1907年前后的体验的印痕。另一方面,鲁迅编辑过的那四篇文章,折射出的正是1907年前后鲁迅在日本时体验到的思想、文化的深度。

The year of 1907 is very important for Lu Xun owing to the anonymous event and the slide event,he made his mind to give up his major of medicine and engage in literary,and the set-up of the magazine New Life is the starting point of his literary activities. The failure of running New Life gave him a heavy blow over his experience in Japan,and fortunately,this luckily pushed him to Henan,another magazine,in which he published 6 essays, being considered the debating part of New Life,together with essays in Extraterritorial Collection of Short Stories taken as the literature and art of New Life,building the rich connotation of his first phase of literary activity. Obvi-ously,all theses essays could not make him dismiss from his mind of the sad experience in 1907,as the choice, sort and alteration of them while editing his collection Grave 20 years later shows his hiding of that experience. Be-sides,the 4 essays edited in Grave reflect the depth of his thoughts and culture experienced in Japan in 1907.