基于散体力学的大型埋刮板粮食卸船机提升机理研究

The Elevating Principle for Grain Ship Unloader with Embedded Scraper Based on Bulk Mechanics

为实现大宗粮食散货的卸船设备的大型化、高效化、低能耗化、低污染化方面的发展,本文基于散体力学仿真建模方法,分析了散料粮食在离开船舱料堆时的受力情况,确立了刮板之间的距离对稳定输送的影响,物料的运行阻力与间距的关系,并验证了埋刮板卸船机的实际应用效果。结果表明:当刮板间距很小的时候,则刮板背面会增加与物料运动方向相反的压力,从而降低链条对被输送物料的作用效率,刮板间距过大将导致物料在机槽内运动时各层物料间产生相对滑移;间距过小又会使牵引构件重量增加,从而增加功率的消耗。最合理的刮板间距可以为卸船机设计提供理论指导。

In order to realize the high efficiency, low energy consumption and low pollution in a bulk unload, this paper analyzed the stress of bulk grain when it leaved ship＇s hold, established the effect of distance between scrapers on the stable convey and the relation between running resistance and spacing, and got a proof for an application to the unload ship with embedded scraper. The results showed that the back of scraper could increase a pressure to move an opposite direction with a material so as to low the function efficiency of chain to material. Too much spacing between scrapers would lead to the relative slippage among material layers, however too small spacing could also increase the weight of pull components to increase the consumption of power. The most reasonable scraper spacing could provide a theoretical guidance for the design.