畜禽养殖家庭农场粪便污染负荷研究——以湖南省县域样本为例

Quantifying the Pollution Loading from Livestock and Poultry of Family Farm—Based on the Sample of Counties in Hunan Province

以2012年湖南省14 810家规模化畜禽养殖家庭农场的问卷调查为数据样本,以土壤表观养分平衡理论为依据计算单位耕地面积畜禽粪便环境适宜负荷量,并以此为标准估计湖南省各地单位耕地面积畜禽粪便当量负荷警报值,由此判定规模化畜禽养殖对生态环境的威胁程度,结果发现城镇地区的规模化畜禽养殖对耕地生态污染程度最为严重,进而提出了协调畜禽规模化养殖与耕地生态污染两者之间冲突的对策建议。最后,根据研究得到的警报值为依据估算了湖南省各地畜禽养殖的最优规模。

Based on the sample of 14810 sizable livestock and poultry farms, the optimal loading of animal manure per hectare is calculated with the theory of Soil Surface Nutrient Balance which can be used to get the alarm value of manure from livestock and poultry and judge the damage to the environment. The result shows that pollution of sizable livestock and poultry breeding in towns is greater than any other areas. Therefore, the suggestion of balancing the conflict between sizable livestock breeding and ecological pollution to cultivated land is put forward and the optimal scale of livestock breeding is also calculated according to the alarm value.