礼仪与中国文学的“元象”——兼评王秀臣《礼仪与兴象:〈礼记〉元文学理论形态研究》

Etiquette and “Meta Image” of Chinese Literature——Comment on Wang Xiuchen's Etiquette and Xing-image:the Theoretical form Research on Meta Literature of the Book of Rites

周代礼仪孕育了中国文学的"元象",因此对中国元文学及其理论命题的探讨必然回到中国文学的"元象"及"元象"生成的礼仪空间。周代礼仪与中国元文学及其理论形态之间的文化关联主要体现在以下三点:第一,"演诗"是《诗》的礼仪形态,是周代礼仪精神的诗性言说,周代礼仪赋予《诗》多样化的语言风格和审美特征,印证了"文言"理论命题的实践意义。第二,"立德"是周代礼仪的宗旨,是"文质彬彬"的人格标准向文学审美标准转向的桥梁。第三,"兴象"是"意象"的仪式形态,生动呈现了周代礼仪文化"立象尽意"的思想言说路径,是文学"意象"结构成熟的实践基础。回到周代礼仪文明,动态还原元初的文学世界,更为接近中国文学的"元象"及其理论元点。

The etiquette in the Zhou Dynasty bred the ＂recta image＂ of Chinese literature, thus it is inevitable that the discus- sions about the Chinese meta literature and its theoretical proposition will turn to the ＂meta image＂ of Chinese literature and the eti- quette generated from the ＂recta image＂. The cultural connections between the etiquette in the Zhou Dynasty and Chinese meta litera- ture and its theoretical form mainly embody the following aspects： firstly, ＂acting poetry＂ was the etiquette form of The Book of Songs and the poetic expression of the etiquette spirit of Zhou Dynasty. The etiquette in＇the Zhou Dynasty endowed the Book of Songs with diverse language styles and aesthetic characteristics that confirmed the practical significance of theoretical propositions of ＂classical Chi- nese＂. Secondly, ＂moral cultivation＂ was the purpose of the etiquette in the Zhou Dynasty and the bridge that the personality standard of ＂gentleman-ship＂ converts to aesthetical standard of literature. Thirdly, ＂Xing Image＂ was the ritual form of ＂image＂, and it vividly presented the ideological path of ＂creation of images for full expressions＂ of the etiquette culture of Zhou Dynasty and that was the practical foundation of the structural maturity of literature ＂image＂. Back to the etiquette civilization of the Zhou Dynasty, the primary literature world that was restored dynamically was much closer to the ＂meta image＂ and the theoretical origin of Chinese literature.