药物不良反应161例分析

Adverse drug reaction retrospective analysis of 161 cases

目的：了解药物不良反应（ADR）发生的相关临床表现及其特点,为预防ADR及促进合理用药提供参考.方法：对2014年8~10月上报的161例ADR报告进行分析,分别从患者年龄、给药途径、药品种类、累及器官及临床表现、基本信息缺失等方面进行调查分析.结果：161 例中,〈18 岁及 〉60 岁患者均有较高的 ADR 发生率,分别为 26 例（16.1%）和 63 例（39.1%）;静脉滴注给药途径引发的ADR较多（89例,55.3%）;中成药发生ADR最多（37例,23.0%）;ADR主要临床表现为皮肤及其附件损害（49例,30.4%）;药师ADR的上报率（95例,59.0%）高于临床医师和护士.结论：ADR报告监测工作对减少或避免ADR的发生,促进临床合理用药,提高患者用药安全有重要的作用.

Objective：To understand the clinical manifestations and characteristics of the adverse drug reaction （ ADR ） , provide references for rational drug in clinics. Methods：Totally 161 ADR reports during Aug. to Oct. in 2014 were analyzed statistically in respect of patients age,route of administration,drug type,organs or systems involved and clinical manifestation of the ADR,the missing essential information elements in reports. Results：Patients who were〈18 years old and 〉 60 years old,had a higher proportion of ADR （26 case,16. 1%;63 case,39. 1%）;89 cases（55. 3%） were induced by intravenous route of administration;37 cases（23. 0%） were occurred ADR with traditional Chinese medicines at most;the majority of ADR was skin destructon,which had 49 cases（30. 4%）;the proportion of pharmacists was significantly higher than that of physicians and nurses. Conclusions：ADR reporting and monitoring is crucial in reduceing or avoiding ADR and promote rational drug use,improve patient medication safety.