决策理论和方法在科技创新中的应用

Application of Decision Theory and Method in Science and Technology Innovation

推动决策理论和方法在科技创新全过程的应用,对于更好地落实创新驱动发展战略、推进以科技创新为核心的全面创新,提高科技决策的民主化、科学化、法治化水平,具有指导意义。作者指出,科学研究、技术创新和成果转化在性质和目的、评价标准、成果表现、奉行原则和遵循规范等方面具有不同的特征,除了要遵循科学性、经济型、风险性等共性的决策原则以外,决策因素和方法的运用也不尽相同。科学研究的决策因素主要有:规划布局、自由探索、能力建设、人文环境、开放合作等。技术创新的决策因素主要有企业主体、需求导向、技术本身等。科技成果转化的决策因素主要有环境条件、技术本身、市场竞争、经济效益、风险应对等。

It is quite constructive for the implementation of the opment strategy, the promotion of scientific and technological innovation as the core of a compre- hensive innovation and the improvement of science and technology decision-making＇s level of de- mocracy, science and rule, to promote the application of decision-making theory and methods in the whole process of scientific and technological innovation. The authors note that there are different characteristics existing in scientific research, technological innovation and scientific and tech- nological achievements＇ transformation on the aspects of property and purpose, evaluation crite- ria, results, principles and norms. And besides holding the mutual decision-making principle on science,economics and risks, these three phases are of various decision-making elements and methods The determinants of scientific decision includes planning, freedom to explore, capacity- building, human environment and open cooperation. The determinants of technological innovation includes business entities, demand orientation, technology itself, and so on. And the determinants technological achievements＇ transformation are environmental conditions, the technology itself, market competition, economic efficiency, risk response and the like.