我国城镇居民食品消费需求系统分析——基于收入分配视角

Analysis of Food Consumption Demand Among China's Urban Residents——Based on Perspective of Income Distribution

释放城镇居民消费潜力、提高其消费水平对国民经济和社会发展具有重大意义。文章从收入分配视角出发,在对我国城镇居民收入与食品消费变动描述分析的基础上,运用ELES模型,通过两个时期的对比,分析我国城镇居民食品消费需求及其影响因素。研究表明,我国城镇居民恩格尔系数总体呈不断下降趋势,食品消费结构逐步升级;禽肉及蛋类、水产品、奶及奶制品等消费支出受收入的绝对数变动的影响在减弱;食品消费支出已从生存性消费逐步转向发展享受性消费。经预测可见,随着居民收入的增加,食品支出额绝对额仍呈增加趋势,然而,随着收入差距的减小,并不会对消费结构产生明显影响。

Releasing the urban residents＇ consumption potential and improving the consumption level have great significance to the national economy and social development. From the perspective of income distribution,on the basis of China＇s urban residents＇ income and food consumption change description analysis,using ELES model,by comparing the two periods,food consumption demand of urban residents in China and its influencing factos were analyzed. Resutls showed that the continuous decline in the Engel coefficient of urban residents in China overall and escalating food consumption structure. Influence of the absolute number of income on poultry meat and eggs,aquatic products,milk and milk products such as consumer spending was reducing. Food consumption expenditure gradually turned from living consumption to the development of enjoyment consumption. After prediction,in the current stage,as income increased,the absolute amount of food expenditure was still increasing,however,with the decrease of income gap,it would not have significant effect on the consumption structure.