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人的概要:诗歌为理想还是感知?（英文）

The Human Abstract: Poetry for Ideal or Sensation?
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摘要 威廉·布莱克在其诗作"人的概要"中探讨了人类进步的理想常常伤害人类个体的情形,本文则探讨不同诗人如何运用创作方法来强调人的感知以对抗普遍、抽象的理想。本文通过对爱伦坡、艾默生、狄金森等人及其诗歌作品的分析,着重探讨了非理想主义诗歌如何常常被污蔑为堕落、非人的作品。 ＂The Human Abstract＂ is a poem by William Blake that takes up the way the ideals of human betterment often harm individual people. This essay considers how various poets have used their compositional method to emphasize particular human sensations in opposition to general, abstract ideals. The essay centers around ways such non-idealist poetry is stigmatized, often as nonhuman or perverse. Among the authors reviewed are Poe, Emerson, Dickinson, and William Carlos Williams.This is an excerpt from Pitch of Poetry（Chicago： U of Chicago P, forthcoming, 2016）. The title of the full essay in the book is ＂The Pataque（e）rical Imagination： Midrashic Antinomianism and the Promise of Bent Studies.＂
作者 查尔斯.伯恩斯坦
机构地区 美国宾夕法尼亚大学 美国艺术与科学院
出处 《外国文学研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2015年第5期10-21,共12页 Foreign Literature Studies
关键词 诗歌 诗学 创作特征 理想 感知 poetry poetics compositionality ideal sensation
分类号 I561.072 [文学—其他各国文学]
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参考文献16

  • 1Nepohumanism (also called necrohumanismand hypohumanism) universalizes one's immediate preferences while stigmatizing as barbaric those that are not immediately intelligible.
  • 2William Carlos Williams, "Patterson" in Collected Poems, vol. 1, ed. A. Walton Litz and Christopher MacGowan (New York: New Directions, 1992) :263-66.
  • 3This double sense of drug is vernacular: The scourge of drugs versus miracle drugs.Pharmak6s, as Derridaexplains in his detailed account, is the ancient Greek rite of anti-absorption in which the pharmakeus(sorcerer, magician, poisoner, healer, druggist, sophist) casts out the pharmakoi (denigrated, scapegoat, exiled, ostracized). See Jacques Derrida, Dissemination, tr. Barbara Johnson (Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1981) xxv, 70-75, 82, 97, and 119.
  • 4Textual transcription of William Blake, "The Human Abstract" from Songs oflnnocence and Experience (1794).
  • 5Burroughs develops this idea in The ticket that Exploded (1957-1961): "From symbiosis to parasitism is a short step. The word is now a virus. The flu virus may once have been a healthy lung cell. It is now a parasitic organism that invades and damages the lungs. The word may once have been a healthy neural cell. It is now a parasitic organism that invades and damages the central nervous system. Modern man has lost the option of silence. Try halting your sub-vocal speech. Try to achieve even ten seconds of inner silence. You will encounter a resisting organism that forces you to talk. That organism is the word." --Word Irus: The William S. Burroughs Reader, ed. James Grauerholz and Ira Silverberg (New York: Grove Press, 1998)208.
  • 6Craig Dworkin and Kenneth Goldsmith, eds. Against Expression." An Anthology of Conceptual Poetry (Evanston: Northwest University Place, 2011). Erving Goffman, Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience (Boston: Northeastern UP, 1986).
  • 7Christina Hesketh pointed this out to me: the Portuguese means bizarre, the Spanish is close to the English equivalent.
  • 8"You are special / You are my friend / You're special to me. / You are the only one like you" - Fred Rogers, "You Are Special" (1967): <pbskids.org/rogers/songLyricsYouAreSpecial.html>. This inevitably also brings up the pataque(e)rical euphemism "special needs." We're all special and all have special needs. Pataque(e)rical euphemism substitute positive attributes for stigmatized negative attributes: challenged for deficient.
  • 9Stevea Knapp and Walter Benn Michaels, "Against Theory" in Against Theory: Literary Studies and the New Pragmatism, ed. W. J. T. Mitchell (Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1985).
  • 10Dickinson, Emily. "Poem 501." The Poems of Emily Dickinson. Ed. R.W. Franklin. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2005. 384-85.
外国文学研究
2015年 第5期

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