甘肃省护理健康教育现状调查与对策

Investigation and Countermeasures of Nursing Health Education in Gansu Province

目的:了解医院护理人员对健康教育理论知识掌握情况,健康相关行为情况及其对策。方法:采用整群抽样的方法,在甘肃省东、中、西、南4个区域抽取三级医院20所,采用随机数字表法在每所医院抽取临床科室护理人员共2 000人进行调查问卷。结果:不同职称护理人员对健康教育基本理论知识的知晓率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=1939.431,P=0.000),中级职称护理人员知晓率最高,初级及以下职称护理人员知晓率最低,其知晓率分别为38.86%和10.61%。不同学历人员对健康教育基本理论知识的知晓率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=748.182,P=0.000),知晓率较高的为大专及以下学历者,其知晓率为42.30%,高于本科及以上学历者;45.83%被调查者在日常工作中最多采取个别谈话的方式开展患者及其家属的健康教育,41.84%被调查者能合理安排必要的时间用于健康教育,25.06%被调查者2014年未接受过健康教育理论及技能培训,57.53%被调查者在日常工作中发现与患者自身疾病相关知识的健康教育最受欢迎。结论:甘肃省护理人员健康教育理论知识知晓率较低,医院对健康教育重视不够,医疗卫生机构在医院健康教育方面有待加强。

Objective： To survey health education theoretical knowledge grasping conditions of nursing staff in the hospital, health-related behaviors conditions and its countermeasures. Methods： By adopting cluster sampling, 20 tertiary hospitals were chosen from four regions of Gansu province, 2,000 nursing staffs in clinical departments were selected from each hospital by using random number table method and surveyed with questionnaires. Results： Health education basic theoretical knowledge awareness rates of nursing staffs were compared in different professional titles, and the difference showed statistical meaning （c2=1939.431, p=0.000）, nursing staff in intermediate professional titles showed the highest awareness rate, the staff with primary professional titles demonstrated the lowest awareness rate, they were 38.86% and 10.61% respectively. The difference had statistical meaning in the comparison of health educa- tion basic theoretical knowledge awareness rates between the staffs with different educational background （c2=748. 182, p=0.000）, the staff with college for professional training or under college had higher awareness rate, and the rate was 42.30%, which was higher than the rate of the staff with bachelor degrees or above; 45.83% of the investigators launched health education to the patients and their family members by individual interviews in the daily work, 41.84% of them could arrange necessary time to launch health education properly, 25.06% of them didn＇t accept the training of health education theory and skills in 2014, 57.53% of them found the most popular health education knowledge related to the disease of the patients in daily work. Conclusion： Since health education theoretical knowledge awareness rate of nursing staff in Gansu province is low, medical organizations should be enhanced in the aspects of hospital health education due to lack of health education emphasis in hospital.