中国古典文人园林的折枝窗景及其制作工艺探究

Exploration of Technology of The Window Scenery of “Zhezhi” in Chinese Classical Landscape Architecture

窗是建筑的重要组成部分,窗的作用是界定空间。窗作为内部空间与外部空间的连接点,窗内为内部空间,外为外部空间,内外空间清晰明了,这一空间划分特征在中国古典文人园林中表现得最为精彩。有代表性的长窗、漏窗、六角窗、什锦窗等。本文重点阐述了不同类型窗所创造的独特景观效果,空间意义,并且深入探析"折枝"窗景本身所蕴涵的历史文化、社会生活信息和内涵,最后对一些有代表意义的长窗、漏窗的材料、构造做法进行研究和探讨。

Windows, which act as the delimitation of spaces, are one of the most important parts of architectures. As a boundary, spaces inside of windows are considered as inside space, where as the other side is to be outside space. It is windows that give us a clear sense of spaces between outside and inside. This utility of windows for space division, such as the long window, ornamental perforated window, assorted window, hexagonal window, etc, was well performed in Chinese classical landscape architecture. Here, we discussed the sight effects and spatial meanings created by various patterns of windows and analyzed historical, cultural and social implications of the window scenery of ＂Zhezhi＂. Finally, the elementary substance and structure of the long window and ornamental perforated window were also discussed.