分时电价与风储联合调度协调优化的主从博弈模型

Coordinated Optimization of Time-of-Use Price and Dispatching Model Combining Wind Power and Energy Storage Under Guidance of Master-Slave Game

风储联合优化调度可以在改善风电并网运行特性的同时提高经济和环境效益。风储联合运行时,储能装置在风电削峰填谷时的调度策略依赖于电网分时上网电价的制定,分时上网电价和风储系统在调度过程中地位不同。提出一种将分时上网电价和风储系统作为不同地位决策者进行动态博弈优化的主从博弈模型。在模型中如果选分时上网电价作为主体,则在保证总售电收益不变的前提下,以降低机组CO2、SO2排放量为优化目标,发挥其引导性作用,提高环境效益;如果选风储联合调度模型作为从体,可以把提高自身经济效益作为优化目标。将所提模型在10机系统算例中进行仿真,发现生成的Nash均衡解能在从体只考虑自身经济效益的同时,发挥分时上网电价的引导作用,以提高环境效益,最大程度地实现了经济效益和环境效益的双赢。最后,利用主从博弈优化过程中生成的策略集,对环境指标和经济指标进行了相关度分析,揭示了效益双赢的原因。

System operation combining wind power and energy storage can improve working characteristic of wind power grid and its economic and environmental benefits. When energy storage is applied to peak load shifting on wind power, system dispatching depends on time-of-use price making. Then, there is a different status in process of dispatching between time-of-use generation price and system combining wind power and energy storage. Therefore, in this paper master-slave game is established to achieve different decision makings for dynamic game optimization. Time-of-use generation price is chosen as master for improving environmental benefits, on the premise of guaranteeing power selling benefit, taking reducing emission of CO2 and SO2 as optimization goal. Dispatching model combining wind power and energy storage is chosen as slave, taking improving economic benefits as optimization goal. Simulation in 10-motor system reveals that when slave considers only economic benefits, solution of Nash equilibrium generated under guidance of master-slave game plays guiding role of time-of-use generation price as main body to improve environmental benefits and realize win-win situation of economic and environmental benefits. At last, strategy set generated in optimizing process of master-slave game is used to analyze correlation of indexes between environment and economics, expose inner link between indexes and reveal causes of benefit win-win.