基于有限元模型重构的多物理场耦合空心电抗器优化设计

Optimum Design of Dry-Type Air-Core Reactor Based on Coupled Multi-Physics of Reconstructed Finite Element Model

电抗器是电力系统中最为重要的设备之一,如何便捷地设计并优化该类电抗器已成为工程和学术领域的重要课题。本文将电抗器设计和有限元理论结合起来,通过给定的设计指标以及制造方提供的线规,采用遍历搜索法确定电抗器的初设结构参数,以此构建电抗器多物理场耦合有限元模型,求解其"磁场-电路"耦合场来获得电抗器设计优化所需的物理参数,以此代入基于以"层等电阻电压约束"为主、"层等电流密度约束"为辅的邻域搜索优化算法,计算得到优化后的结构尺寸,并按此对电抗器有限元模型进行重构,再次求解,形成一个迭代过程,反复进行该迭代过程,并设定一个收敛条件,最终得到最优解;以磁场求解的各线圈损耗密度为"桥梁",间接将磁场和"温度-流体"场耦合,求解出电抗器各个包封的温升,对所设计优化的结果进行校核。根据算法"重构"特点,采用Ansys软件实现一体化优化设计,以两个电抗器设计优化为例,优化设计结果与设计指标误差在10%以内,显示出该优化设计算法的实用性。

Reactor is one of the most important devices in the power system. How to design and optimize such reactors conveniently has been an important topic in the field of academic and engineering. Reactor design theory and finite element theory are combined closely in this paper. As the design specifications and wire gauges is provided by the manufacturer, the initial structural parameters is calculated by using traversal search method. Then the finite element model of the reactor is established according to the above parameters, and by solving its ＂magnetic-circuit＂ coupling field, the physical parameters, the design and optimization of the reactor needs is get. Next a new structural dimension is obtained via using the parameters in the neighborhood searching optimization method based on the main constraint condition ＂equal of layer resistive voltage＂ and the supplemented one ＂equal of layer current density＂. Eventually, a new finite element model is established by the new structural dimensions. Resolving this model, a whole iterative process is formed completely. While a convergence conditions is set and the process is repeated, an optimal result is obtained. Then, magnetic field and the ＂thermal-fluid＂ field are coupled through a bridge of the loss density of each coil. After ＂thermal-fluid＂ field solved, the temperature rise of each coil is obtained, by comparing it with the design specifications, therefore the optimal results the reconstruction of finite element model, Ansys for the reactor design can be checked. Considering is used to achieve integrated design optimization.Take two design optimization of reactor as examples, based on the comparison of the calculated results and design targets, the error is within 15%. According to the examples, the iterative algorithm is demonstrated conveniently and practicability.