高速列车车体模态特性与结构尺寸敏度关系研究

Research of Relations between Carbody Structure Size and Modal Characteristics of High-speed Railway

针对高速列车运行过程中,由于车体自由模态不匹配导致的整车振动特性恶化问题,提出一种尺寸敏度分析方法改善车辆动态特性。具体内容包括:通过HyperMesh建立车体有限元模型,应用ANSYS计算车体自由模态频率并提取振型,研究单一部件尺寸敏度对车体主振型模态频率的影响。结果表明:对车体模态频率影响最小的是端部,对车体主振型菱形影响最大的是顶棚,达0.55 Hz;对垂弯影响最大的是底架,达1.14 Hz,对扭转影响较大的是顶棚和侧墙,达0.82Hz,为车体结构的优化设计提供参考。

During the operation process of high-speed trains appears the free modal does not match lead to the problem of the vibration characteristics of the vehicle become worse.A size acuity analysis method for improving the vehicle dynamics is proposed.It includes：setting up a finite element model of the vehicle by HyperMesh,using ANSYS to calculate body free modal frequencies and mode shapes,and studying the size acuity of single component effects on the body modal frequencies.The results show that：single component size acuity has less effect on the body modal frequencies;the greatest impact on the diamond is roof,which is up to 0.55 Hz;the greatest impact on the vertical bend is the chassis,which is up to 1.14Hz;ceiling and side walls have greater impact on reversing,which is up to 0.82 Hz.These conclusion provide a reference for the optimal design of the body structure.