河南省中部地区优质小麦品种比较研究

Study of Comparative Experiment with High-quality Wheat Varieties in Central Region of Henan Province

[目的]大力发展优质专用小麦对满足市场需求,提高小麦市场竞争力具有重要意义。[方法]该研究对河南省小麦产业技术体系提供的12个优质小麦品种的产量和品质进行比较并对其抗逆性等进行鉴定。[结果]所有参试品种的越冬性较好,均无明显冻害发生。参试品种中,除师栾02-1和宿553的植株较高,部分发生倒伏外,其余品种均未发生倒伏现象。参试品种中只有宿553和矮抗58的均产高于对照(周麦18),增产率分别为10.97%和1.57%,其中宿553分蘖较强,较耐后期高温,生育期偏长,成穗率、穗粒数和千粒重均较高,产量三要素协调,均产达到7 075.5 kg/hm2,但植株偏高,易发生倒伏。DA7200型近红外分析表明,郑麦366、师栾02-1、新麦26、丰德存麦1号和郑麦3596等品种的品质指标均达到优质强筋标准。[结论]参试品种中丰德存麦1号、郑麦366和郑麦3596等品种综合性状表现较好,适宜在河南省中部地区推广种植。

[ Objective ] To develop high-quality wheat to meet market demand and improve the competitive ability of the wheat market were of great significance. [ Method] In this experiment, the yield, quality, stress resistance and other characteristics of twelve quality varieties from wheat industry technology system in Henan Province were compared and identified. [ Result] The results showed that the winter hardiness was well in all testing varieties, no obvious cold injury occurred. The stem length of Shiluan 02-1 and Su 553 were very higher, part outside the lodging, and other varieties had not been lodging occur. In testing varieties, only the yield of Su 553 and Aikang 58 were higher than the con- trol variety （Zhoumai 18）, increase rate were 10.97% and 1.57% , respectively. Su 553 had stronger of tillering ability, more resistant to high temperature in final stage, longer of development stage. Spike rate, spike grain number and grain weight were higher, the yield of the three elements were coordination, the mean yield of reached 7 075.5 kg/hm2. However, the plant of stem length was high, prone to lodging. The type of DA7200 NIR analysis showed that Zhengmai 366, Sbiluan 02-1 , Xinmai 26, Fengdecunmai 1 and Zhengmai 3596 of quality indi- cators were up to strong gluten high-quality standards. [ Conclusion] It was found that the performance of Fengdeeunmai 1, Zhengmai 366 and Zhengmai 3596 varieties integrated traits were very well, suitable for planting in the Central Region of Henan Province. K