滨海养殖水体中浮床栽培植物的生长特征

Growth Characters of Floating Bed Cultivated Plants in Coastal Aquaculture Water

[目的]研究浮床栽培海马齿(Sesuvium portulacastrum)及水雍菜(Ipomoea aquatica)在不同氮磷浓度养殖水体中的生长特征。[方法]分别在有或无人工添加营养盐的低盐度滨海养殖水体中浮床栽培海马齿及水雍菜并监测其生长指标与抗逆性指标。[结果]浮床栽培的水雍菜在前15 d生长迅速,但在15 d后其受到病虫害等的影响生长减慢并逐渐死亡;海马齿生长速度较慢,但生长周期长,在60 d的试验期内持续稳定生长,高浓度营养盐明显促进海马齿的生长速度;浮床栽培导致水雍菜叶片内丙二醛和脯氨酸积累显著,而海马齿在试验期间叶片内无明显的丙二醛和脯氨酸积累。[结论]海马齿在养殖水体净化中具有很好的应用价值,水雍菜亦可用于养殖水体的短期净化。

[ Objective ] Investigating the growth characters of floating-bed-cultivated Sesuvium portulacastrum and Ipomoea aquatica in aqua- culture water. [ Method] Sesuvium portulacastrum and Ipomoea aquatica were vegetated on floating bed in coastal aquaculture water with or without nitrogen and phosphorus addition respectively and their growth indices and anti-stress indices were monitored. [ Results ] 1. aquatica grew fast in the first 15 days and nutrient addition stimulated its growth significantly, but hereafter, its growth was seriously inhibited and nutri- ent addition did not stimulate its growth anymore. The growth of S. portulacastrum was slower, however its growth maintained stable during the 60 days of experiment period and nutrient addition stimulated its growth significantly. After a period of 60 days experiment, the concentration of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde （MDA） and Proline in S. portulacastrum did not change. However, both MDA and Pro contention in I. aquatica increased greatly after 20 days of floating bed cultivation. [ Conclusion] S. portulacastrum is an excellent candidate for purification of aquaculture water, while I. aquatic is suitable for short time purification of aquaculture water