因地制宜迎合气候、随形就势适应场地设计理念探讨

The Discussion about Site Adaptation Planning According to Local Condition and Climate

以缅甸某中资机构培训中心规划设计为例,探讨如何通过规划设计提高建筑对热带季风气候区湿热环境及山地地形的适应能力。重点从场地通风、遮阳等方面论述热带季风气候区的气候适应性设计,包括合理布置迎风朝向、促进空气流动、引导气流方向、绿化及水体蒸发降温、降低立面辐射吸热、绿化遮阳降温等;从场地布局、竖向等方面论述山地地形的场地适应性设计,包括建筑空间布置、交通空间布置、合理结合等高线的竖向布置等。阐述因地制宜、随形就势的设计理念,从而强调气候适应性和场地适应性设计对于实现绿色、生态、低碳、环保的重要意义。

This paper takes a planning design of a Chinese training organization in Burma as an example to discuss how to improve the adaptability of the building to the hot and humid environment and mountain terrain special surface in tropical monsoon climate zone. This paper emphasizes the climate adaptability design from site ventilation, shading and so on, which is including reasonable layout of the wind direction, promotion of airflow, guidance of the air flow direction and cooling by water evaporating and green shade. This paper also discusses the site adaptability design from the layout and vertical of the site, including reasonable layout of the building space, traffic space and a reasonable combination of contour lines vertical arrangement. At last, the paper elaborates the design philosophy that plan should be based on local condition and climate, and emphasizes the importance of climate adaptability and site adaptability design to the realization of green, ecological, low carbon and protected environment.