发达国家高校实验室安全管理及启示

Laboratory Safety Management and Inspiration of First-class Universities in Developed Countries

为促进国外高校先进经验为我国高校所参考借鉴并引为己用,提高我国高校实验室安全管理水平,在分类归纳的基础上采用演绎分析的研究方法,对美欧亚5国一流高校在实验室安全管理体系与制度、实验室安全风险防范与处理和实验室安全培训与监督3个领域的工作特色展开了整体述评,成功地梳理了国外高校实验室安全管理的经验启示和借鉴途径。即应引入完善的安全管理架构和制度并严格执行;引入实验室安全风险评估并继续加强实验原材料管理和实验废弃物处理;提高安全培训内容的专业性和针对性、安全培训形式的信息化水平和安全监督的规范程度。

Laboratory safety management of first-class universities in developed countries has accumulated mature management modes and advanced experience after years. In order to promote Chinese universities to effectively draw on the advanced experience of foreign universities and improve the level of laboratory safety management in our country,this article makes a comprehensive commentary on the system and institution,risk prevention and handling,training and supervision of laboratory safety management of first-class universities in 5 countries of North America and Eurasia,successfully summarizes some experiences and the reference approach about laboratory safety. The experiences include the introduction and implementation of comprehensive safety management structure and systems; the introduction of laboratory safety risk assessment and strengthening the management of experimental materials and experimental waste;improving the professionalism and pertinence of safety training content,the informatization level of safety training form,and the standardized degree of safety oversight.