天津汉沽鲤鱼门潮间带的经济贝类资源

Economic shellfish resources in the intertidal zone along Liyumen coast,Hangu of Tianjin

2013年10月对天津汉沽鲤鱼门潮间带的经济贝类资源进行调查.结果发现：该区域经济贝类有9科10种,主要经济贝类有菲律宾蛤仔、四角蛤蜊、微黄镰玉螺和纵肋织纹螺,其中菲律宾蛤仔为优势种,占经济贝类资源总量的91.6%,平均栖息密度为263.7粒/m2,平均生物量为916.4 g/m2.蛤仔群体结构方面,壳长小于20 mm的蛤仔数量占总数的7.7%,壳长在20~30 mm之间的蛤仔占53.1%,总商品率为39.2%.同2008年9月的调查结果相比,2013年的贝类种类及生物量增加,多样性指数降低,蛤仔大量出现,这与近年来邻近海域的大规模增殖放流活动密切相关.

The comprehensive survey of economic shellfish resources was carried out in the intertidal zone along Liyumen coast of Hangu in Tianjin in September 2013. The results showed that the economic shellfish species components in this area included 10 species belonging to 9 families, among which four species were economically important, including Ruditapes philippinarum, Mactra veneriforrnis , Neverita reiniana and Nassarius variciferus. R. philippinarum was dominant species and accounted for 91.6% of total biomass of the economic shellfish. The average biomass and density of R. philippinarum were 916.4 g/m2 and 263.7 ind/m2 separately. Among R. philippinarum, the proportion of shell length below 20 mm was 7.7%, the proportion between 20 mm and 30 mm was 53.1%, and the proportion above 30 mm was 39.2%. In comparison with the results of the year 2008, there was an increase in shellfish species and biomass, the biologi- cal diversity decreased, and the R. philippinarum appeared in large numbers. This was closely related to the large scale breeding and release of R. philippinarum in the vicinity sea areas in recent years.