农村土地资本化改革的路径创新

Reseach on Path Innovation of Rural Land Capitalization Reform

农村土地资本化改革是盘活农村土地资产、实现农业集约化生产、提高农业生产效率以及增加农民财产性收入的有效制度创新。通过对农村土地信托、农村土地股份合作社以及农村土地抵押三种现阶段农村土地资本化改革的主要路径进行梳理比较,指出现行法律限制、土地产权主体模糊和农村社会保障体系不完善等是抑制农村土地资本化改革发展的制约因素。结合局部地区的改革试点经验,从法律保障、基础制度、抵押制度和风险补偿等方面提出推动和完善我国农村土地资本化改革的对策建议。

The financial reform of rural land is an effective institutional innovation, which plays a role in revi- talizing the rural land assets, improving the efficiency of agricultural production and increasing farmers~ property income. This paper first compares three models in terms of rural land financial reform--rural land trust, joint stock-cooperative system on rural land and rural land mortgage. The paper points out that some factors like the current legal restrictions, the ambiguous property rights over rural land and the incomplete rural social security system have negative impacts on the financial reform of rural land. At last, combining the reform experience of lo- cal areas, it proposes a number of political suggestions to promote the financial reform of rural land from aspects of the legal guarantee mechanism, the basic system, the mortgage system and the risk compensation mechanism.