磷酸盐阻燃液的制备及阻燃棉布的应用

Synthesis and application of phosphate fire retardant liquid on cotton

室内常用装饰材料大多是由棉、木材等易燃物质制成,易引发火灾、造成人员伤亡和财产损失。因此,对室内常用装饰材料的燃烧性能进行研究是非常必要的。磷酸盐阻燃剂作为一种添加型阻燃剂,采用喷涂或浸渍等方式使棉布、木材等室内常用装饰材料获得较好的阻燃性能。本文采用磷酸氢二铵和磷酸二氢铵作为原料,分别按9∶1、8∶2、7∶3、6∶4、5∶5、4∶6、3∶7、2∶8、1∶9共9种不同的质量比例混合配制磷酸盐阻燃液,并应用于棉布进行浸泡阻燃处理,然后对样品进行阻燃性能表征。实验结果表明,2∶8比例的阻燃处理棉布点燃时间和达到峰值时间最长,阻燃效果最佳,目前的研究对于后续改进磷酸盐阻燃液的阻燃性能并分析影响其性能的因素具有重要意义。

Interior decoration materials are mostly made of flammable materials,such as cotton,wood and so on,which can likely cause fire,casualties and property losses. Therefore,the study on the combustion performance of interior decoration materials is very necessary. Phosphate flame retardant, an additive flame retardant,can improve the flame retardant efficiency of the cotton,wood,and so on by spraying or dipping. Phosphate fire retardant liquid is synthesized with diammonium phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as the reagents. Nine mass ratios of diammonium phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate are 9∶1,8∶2,7∶3,6∶4,5∶5,4∶6,3∶7,2∶8,1∶9, respectively. These phosphate flame retardant liquids are applied on cotton,and then these samples are characterized by a microcomputer differential thermal balance and CONE. The results indicate that the cotton treated by the ratio of 2∶8 has the longest ignition time and the best flame retardant effect. The current investigation is helpful to improve the flame retardant property of the phosphate fire retardant liquid and explore the effects of its performance factors.