基于新健康观指标体系的老年人健康公平性研究

The Study on Elderly People's Health Equity Based on the New Health Conception Index System

目的利用新健康观指标体系测算不同社会经济特征老年人的健康状况,评价其健康公平性。方法采取分层整群抽样的方法,随机抽取广西桂林市社区1800名老年人进行现场问卷调查,采用集中指数、集中曲线对老年人不同健康指标的健康公平性进行分析。结果所调查老年人的两周患病率为52.9%,慢性病患病率为50.59%。自评健康状况为"一般"的占42.44%、"差、很差"的占12.69%。新健康观指标体系测量的总体健康状况评分为2.69分,其中躯体方面的健康评分较高为4.35分,心理健康(2.01分)和社会适应(1.72分)方面的评分均较低。不同经济收入老年人的两周健康、慢性病健康、自评健康状况、新健康观指标的集中指数分别为-0.0361、-0.0427、0.0010、-0.0066;不同文化教育水平的集中指数分别为0.2512、0.2331、0.2271、0.2254;性别间的集中指数分别为-0.0596、-0.0454、-0.0336、-0.0366。结论老年人在文化教育水平上的健康公平性较差,在经济收入方面的健康不公平程度较小;不同健康指标的健康公平性测量结果存在一定的差异,新指标体系符合WHO提出的新健康观,且具有较强的可操作性,有一定的应用和推广意义。

Objective Using the new health conception index system to measure the different socioeconomic characteristics＇ elderly＇s health status,evaluate their health equity. Methods Using stratified cluster sampling Methods randomly selected 1800 elderly people from the community of Guilin in Guangxi. All the elderly people should conduct on-site questionaire survey. Using the concentration index and concentration curve analyze health equity of the elderly＇s different health indicators.Results The two week prevalence rate of the surveyed seniors was 52. 9%,the prevalence rate of chronic disease was 50. 59%.Self rated health status as ＂general＂ accounted for 42. 44%,＂poor,very poor＂ accounted for 12. 69%. The new health conception index system＇s score of the overall health status is 2. 69 points,the physical health＇s score is high（ 4. 35 points）,the scores of mental health（ 2. 01 points） and social adaptation（ 1. 72 points） are low. Concentration indexes of tw o weeks＇ health,chronic disease and health,self-rated health status,new health the conception indicators of the different economic income＇s elderly are respectively：-0. 0361,-0. 0427,0. 0010,-0. 0066; Concentration indexes of different cultural education levels are 0. 2512,0. 2331,0. 2271,0. 2254; Concentration indexes between the sexes are-0. 0596,-0. 0454,-0. 0336,-0. 0366. Conclusion In the aspect of cultural education level,the elderly＇s health equity is poor. In the aspect of economic income,the degree of healthy inequity is low. There are some differences in health equity measurement Results of different health indicators. The new index system conforms to new health conception which was proposed by WHO and has strong operability. The new index system also has the certain application and popularization significance.