铁路枢纽城市紧凑度的综合测算及其变化分析

The Comprehensive Measure and Analysis of Railway Hub Urban

在全球气候变暖现象日益严重的背景下,城市空间的重构、郊区的快速蔓延、交通拥挤等问题成为治理城市的重要难题。发展功能紧凑型城市已成为城市化发展的重要内容。本文根据城市紧凑度的内涵和紧凑城市的相关理论,从经济紧凑度、形状紧凑度、交通紧凑度和人口紧凑度四个方面构建城市紧凑度指标体系,运用熵值法确定指标权重,利用1986年、1996年以及2008年的城市建设统计数据对全国16个铁路枢纽城市的紧凑度进行综合测算,结果发现:1城市综合紧凑度整体上呈现不断上升趋势;2分要素来看,经济紧凑度整体上呈现不断上升趋势,形状紧凑度整体上呈现不断上升趋势,交通紧凑度整体上呈现不断下降趋势,人口紧凑度整体上呈现先上升后下降趋势;3巨大型城市的城市紧凑度呈不断下降趋势变化,特大城市的城市紧凑度主要呈上升趋势变化,大城市和中等城市的城市紧凑度主要呈下降趋势变化;4全国主要铁路枢纽城市的城市紧凑度整体水平不高。

In the background of increasingly severe global warming, the rapid spread of the reconstruction of the urban space, the suburbs, traffic congestion have become a primary problem of city governance. Function of the current development of compact city has already become the important content in the process of urbanization development. This paper, based on the connotation of the concept in compact city and urban compact degree of the related theory of knowledge, from the economic compactness, compact shape, compact traffic degrees and the compact degree of constructing city compactness index system, applied entropy measure method, used the data of national 16 railway hub city in 1986, 1996 and 2008, to estimate city compactness. The results found： （1）City synthetic compactness is on the rising trend; （2） Sub factors, economic compactness is on the rising trend, shape compactness is on the rising trend, the traffic compactness of the overall declining trend in population, compact degree on the first increased and then decreased; （3）Big city compactness decreases continuously and big city compactness mainly showed upward trend, large and medium city compactness major downward trend change （4）The main railway hub city compactness overall level is not high.