农村土地集体所有制的阶段性特征考量

The Phase Characteristics of the Collective Ownership of Rural Land

从现代制度经济学的角度入手,对我国农村土地集体所有制的理论进行了重新解释,认为这一制度是国家为了解决农村土地私人垄断问题和提高土地资源配置效率而实行的农村土地由劳动者所有、劳动者受益、劳动者集体管理和国家规范调节的一种制度结构。随着社会经济条件的变化,这一制度在实践中已经发生变化,整个制度变迁过程可分为改革开放前的传统模型、改革开放以后的发展模型和深化改革以后的现代模型三个阶段。这一制度是我国开展社会主义革命的一个重要成果,在制度设计上具有先进性。为适应社会经济形势不断变化的需要,应科学合理确定深化农村土地集体所有制改革的方向,在变化中求不变,在变化中有所变化,以变化为依据深化改革。

From the perspective of the modern institutional economics, this paper reinterpreted the theory of China ＇s rural collective land ownership system and claimed that this system is a system structure of laborers own land,laborers benefit from land, laborers collective manage land and the state regulate the land use, in order to solve the problem of rural lands＇ private monopoly and improve the allocation efficiency of rural land resources. Due to the change of social and economic conditions, this system has changed in practice and the whole institutional change can be divided into three stages including the traditional model before the reform, the development model after the reform, and the modern model after the further reform. The rural collective land ownership system is an important achievement of China＇s socialist revolution and is advanced in the system design. Adapt to the needs of social and economic situation change, it is important to determine the direction of the further reform of the rural collective land ownership system in scientific and reasonable way, which included that keep the same content in the change, adjust some content in the change, and push forward reform based on changes in the change.