基于磨齿机的螺旋锥齿轮小轮齿形误差的在机测量

On-machine measuring of tooth profile errors for the pinion of spiral bevel gears based on grinding machine

为了在国产数控螺旋锥齿轮磨齿机上实现齿形误差的精密测量,对螺旋锥齿轮小轮齿形误差的在机测量技术进行了研究。根据H350G型数控磨齿机的机床结构和机床坐标系,利用标定块标定了测球球心在机床坐标系中的坐标。建立了小轮齿形误差的在机测量方法,通过将理论齿面各离散点旋转到机床坐标系XZ平面,并将小轮绕轴线相对于参考点位置旋转一定角度,同时控制机床各数控轴的运动,使测头沿理论齿面各离散点法矢方向逼近实际齿面,根据测头触发时测球球心的坐标,运用曲面拟合技术和最优化算法,计算了实际齿面相对于理论齿面的齿形误差。通过比对在机测量和齿轮测量中心的齿形误差测量结果,验证了小轮齿形误差在机测量方法的正确性。

In order to realize the on - machine measuring of tooth profile errors of spiral bevel gears on the home- made CNC spiral bevel gear grinding machine, the on - machine measuring technology for measuring pinion＇s tooth profile errors is investigated. According to the machine structure and coordinates system of H350G CNC spiral bevel gear grinding machine, the spatial coordinates of the sphere center of probe in machine coordinates system is calibrated by gauging block. The on - machine measuring method of tooth profile errors is established. Based on the spatial coordinates and normal vector of discrete points on the theoretical tooth flank, the relative position between the sphere center of probe and the workpiece is de- termined by controlling the movement of NC axes. The tooth profile errors of the actual tooth flank rela- tive to the theoretical tooth flank on the direction of normal vector is measured and then calculated. The on -machine measuring system is built on H350G CNC grinding machine. The on -machine measuring method of pinion＇s tooth profile errors is validated through comparing the measuring results of the on - machine measuring system with the gear measuring center.