新世纪中国建筑产业竞争力形成机理动态演进规律研究——兼论加入GPA后的发展策略

Research into the Dynamic Evolution Mechanism of the Forming of Chinese Construction Industry Competitiveness in the New Century——On the development strategy after entering GPA

中国即将加入政府采购协议，面对大量优质外资企业的进入，中国建筑市场将面临更为激烈的竞争。为此，探索中国建筑产业竞争力形成机理动态演进规律、分析目前竞争力在发展过程中存在的不足，科学引导、合理调控建筑产业的健康发展，具有重要的现实意义。基于此，本研究构建出中国建筑产业竞争力评价指标体系，并采用多指标系统评估指数法构建建筑产业竞争力评价模型，分析出2005～2008年间中国建筑产业各竞争要素重要程度的变化趋势，以描绘建筑产业竞争力形成机理动态演进规律。研究发现，中国建筑产业依旧处于劳动密集型与资金密集型的发展初级阶段、产业整体素质低、注重规模忽视效率；生产要素的简单追加投入是当前提高产业竞争能力最为有效的途径，且这种状况逐步加强。最后，剖析了中国建筑产业竞争力不强的主要原因，并有针对性地提出改善措施。

With imminent accession to the GPA （Government Procurement Agreement）, Chinese construction market will come with more intense competition, facing many high-quality foreign enterprises. In this context, exploring the dynamic evolution mechanism of the competitiveness of Chinese construction industry, and analy- zing the shortage of current construction industry in the development process, with the aim to scientificly guide and reasonably regulate the development of the construction industry, are of great practical significance. This study constructs the competitiveness evaluation index system of Chinese construction industry, which first uses ＂multi-target evaluation index system＂ to establish an evaluation model of Chinese construction industry competi- tiveness. And it analyzes the changing trend of the importance degree of competitiveness elements of Chinese construction industry from 2005 - 2008, and depicts the evolution mechanism of the construction industry com- petitiveness. We find that Chinese construction industry is still in the primary development period of labor-inten- sive and capital-intensive stage with low industrialization quality, which focuses on the scale rather than the effi- ciency; Currently, additional investment of simple production factors is still the most effective way to improve industrial competitiveness means, which is getting more severe. Finally, we analyze the main reasons for Chinese construction industry＇ s poor competitiveness and then puts forward specific measures to improve it.