义务教育就近入学政策的潜在公平隐患及其破解之道

Potential Equity Risk of Nearby Enrollment Policy in Compulsory Education and Countermeasures

在我国优质教育资源短缺且配置不均衡的背景下基于保障教育公平和规范办学行为目的而被提上日程的就近入学政策,有中低层社会群体成为就近入学政策利益的边缘群体和加剧贫困地区教育与经济之间的恶性循环、进一步固化社会分层的潜在"双重"社会公平风险。为了规避和消除就近入学政策的潜在风险,应完善就近入学政策及其配套政策;规范义务教育学校标准化建设,缩小校际间办学差距;加强各级教育行政部门的组织领导,加大就近入学政策执行力度。

The nearby enrollment policy,which is for the purpose of ensuring the education equity and the standard of running school,is put on the agenda when the high quality education resources are short and configured unbalanced in China. It may have two social equity risks： one is the middle and lower social groups become the marginal groups,the other is this nearby enrollment policy may exacerbate the vicious cycle of poverty-stricken areas between education and the economy,and further solidify the social stratification. In order to alleviate and eliminate the potential risks,we should perfect the nearby enrollment policy and supporting policies,regulate the standardization construction of compulsory education schools,narrow the gap between inter schools,strengthen the organization and leadership of the education administrative departments at all levels and the enforcement of the nearby enrollment policy.