论气候变化与我国法律的制定——从《论法的精神》一书中得到的启示

On Climate Change and the Formulation of Chinese Law——Inspiration from 《The Spirit of the Law》

孟德斯鸠名著《论法的精神》对"法的精神"与一国气候之间关系的论述具有深刻的启发作用。在全球气候变化的语境下,气候变化通过在农业生产与国民性格这两方面影响中国的法律。具体而言,在农业生产方面带来的灾害是粮食减产与粮食安全面临巨大风险;在国民性格方面则是通过疾病导致中国国民可能趋向于懒惰。针对气候的影响,我国应该制定一部专门的《气候变化应对法》、完善《土地管理法》和《传染病防治法》,并赋予地方在气候有关领域更大的立法权予以应对。

The discussion on the relationship between the spirit of law and the climate of a country in Montesquieu＇ s masterpiece The Spirit of the Law has a profound inspiration. In the context of global cli- mate change, climate change has affected China＇ s law through agricultural production and national character. Specifically, in agricultural production, bad weather brings the reduction in grain yield and the insecurity in food; in the national character, bad weather leads nationals to lazy tendency. Therefore, ＂the climate change response law＂ should be enacted, the ＂land management law＂ and ＂infectious diseases prevention law＂ should be improved, and more legislative power should be given to the local legislative bodies.