降解膜在滇东北玉米生产中的适用性研究（英文）

Applicability of Biodegradable Mulch in Maize Production in Northeastern Yunnan

[目的]研究降解膜在滇东北玉米生产中的适用性。[方法]在滇东北选择15种可控全生物降解地膜开展了暴晒、埋土和玉米覆膜栽培试验。[结果]参试降解膜的诱导期最长为56天,降解进程不能进行有效控制,诱导期的可控性差;降解地膜对作物的保温性和增产效果与普膜接近,覆膜强度、拉伸度和韧性能满足农事作业要求,能抑制杂草;降解膜在玉米收获后残留很少,能达到消除地膜残留污染的目标。[结论]降解膜除具有明显的保温功能与增产作用外,还可有效解决普通地膜的"白色污染"问题,对保护生态环境,推动农业可持续发展,建设生态农业等意义深远,具有较好的发展前景。

[Objective] The aim was to explore adaptability of degradable mulches in maize production in northeastern Yunnan. [Method] The tests of sun drying, burying and maize mulching were conducted based on 15 controllable degradable mulches in northeastern Yunnan. [Result] Of the test mulches, the induction period last the longest of 56 d, and the induction period can not be well controlled. Besides, the degradable mulches proved similar with common mulches in terms of heat preser- vation and yield increasing for crops, and performed excellently in covering strength, extension degree and toughness. Additionally, degradable mulches left few residues after maize harvesting, which would remove mulch pollution. [Conclusion] The biodegradable mulch functions well in heat preservation and yield increasing, as well as resolving the issue of plastic pollution, which is of great significance in environ- ment protection, agricultural sustainable development, and eco-agriculture, green agri- culture and modernized agriculture.