起重机械声发射动态监测技术研究进展

Research Progress of Dynamic Monitoring Lifting Appliances by Acoustic Emission Technique

在我国主要重工业行业中,起重机械起到中流砥柱的作用,超负荷运行使得起重机械事故日趋上升。声发射技术是一项动态监测技术,相对常规无损检测方法,这种技术可在起重机运行状态下进行检测,不影响起重机正常作业,其具有很大的发展潜力。根据目前起重机械无损检测中情况,分析了声发射技术在起重机械监测中的应用现状,对现在国内外起重机械声发射检测中存在的几个重要问题进行了探讨,如声发射源信号获取、声发射源的准确定位和定量问题。最后,根据目前的研究现状,提出了对几个重要问题解决思路,可让这项监测技术获得更进一步的应用和推广。

In the heavy industry of our country,the lifting equipment plays a mainstay role,and however the crane accident rises day by day because of overload operation. Acoustic Emission（ AE） technology is a dynamic monitoring technology,which can be applied in the running state of the crane comparing with conventional nondestructive testing methods,and thus the normal operation of the crane can not be affected,and it has great potential. According to the present situation of non-destructive testing about the lifting equipment,the current status of the application of AE technique for health monitoring of lifting equipment is analyzed,and several important problems which are about AE detection of the lifting equipment in the present domestic and foreign are discussed,such ashow to obtain the signal from AE source,and the accurate positioning and quantitative to AE source. And finally,the solutions about the important problems are proposed according to the present research situation,which can make this technology to get further application and promotion.